Scientific References
SHIELD
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Physical exercise intensity can be related to plasma glutathione levels. J Physiol Biochem. 2001 Mar;57(1):9-14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11519887/
Glutathione supplementation suppresses muscle fatigue induced by prolonged exercise via improved aerobic metabolism. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015; 12: 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4328900/
N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Fatigue Following Repeated-Bouts of Intermittent Exercise: Practical Implications for Tournament Situations. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011 Aug 29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21896942
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Low Nourishment of Vitamin C Induces Glutathione Depletion and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Young Adults. Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2015 Sep; 20(3): 198–203. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4596346/
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Protein and vitamin B6 intake are associated with liver steatosis assessed by transient elastography, especially in obese individuals. Clin Mol Hepatol. 2017 Sep; 23(3): 249–259. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5628006/
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Lignans from Opuntia ficus-indica seeds protect rat primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2017 Jan;81(1):181-183. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27885940
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PEACE
Mood is indirectly related to serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine levels in humans: a meta-analysis of monoamine depletion studies. Mol Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;12(4):331-59. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17389902
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A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy of a High-Concentration Full-Spectrum Extract of Ashwagandha Root in Reducing Stress and Anxiety in Adults. Indian J Psychol Med. 2012 Jul-Sep; 34(3): 255–262. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3573577/
A standardized Witheria Somnifera extract significantly reduces stress parameters. https://blog.priceplow.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/withania_review.pdf
Withaferin A Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB-Dependent Pro-Inflammatory and Stress Response Pathways in the Astrocytes. Neural Plast. 2015;2015:381964. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26266054
Anxiolytic properties of green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Brain Res. 2006 Sep 19;1110(1):102-15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16859659
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(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates acute stress responses through GABAergic system in the brain. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Feb 15;531(1-3):171-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16457806
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Green tea polyphenols: novel irreversible inhibitors of dopa decarboxylase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 1;284(1):90-3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11374875
Green tea polyphenols produce antidepressant-like effects in adult mice. Pharmacol Res. 2012 Jan;65(1):74-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21964320
Natural mood foods: The actions of polyphenols against psychiatric and cognitive disorders. Nutr Neurosci. 2012 May; 15(3): 127–133. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3355196/
L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301051106001451
Anti-stress effect of theanine on students during pharmacy practice: positive correlation among salivary α-amylase activity, trait anxiety and subjective stress. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2013 Oct;111:128-35.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051231
Effects of L-Theanine Administration on Stress-Related Symptoms and Cognitive Functions in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019, 11(10), 2362. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2362
The effects of L-theanine (Suntheanine®) on objective sleep quality in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
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Effect of tyrosine supplementation on clinical and healthy populations under stress or cognitive demands--A review. J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Nov;70:50-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26424423
Treatment with tyrosine, a neurotransmitter precursor, reduces environmental stress in humans. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0361923089900968
Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Extended Metabolic Consequences of Marginal Vitamin B-6 Deficiency in Healthy Human Subjects. PLoS One. 2013; 8(6): e63544. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679127/
The Many Faces of Vitamin B12 Deficiency. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2019 Jun; 3(2): 200–214. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6543499/
The impact of essential fatty acid, B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc supplementation on stress levels in women: a systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017 Feb;15(2):402-453. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28178022
MENTAL
Associations of dietary choline intake with risk of incident dementia and with cognitive performance: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, nqz148.Published: 30 July 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31360988
Dietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle. Nutrients. 2018 Oct; 10(10): 1513. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30332744
Could we be overlooking a potential choline crisis in the United Kingdom? BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health. 2019; bmjnph-2019-000037. https://nutrition.bmj.com/content/early/2019/07/16/bmjnph-2019-000037
Assessment of Total Choline Intakes in the United States. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. Volume 35, 2016 - Issue 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26886842
European Food Safety Authority Dietary reference values for choline. EFSA J. 2016;14:e04484. https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/160817
Can the cognitive enhancing effects of ginkgo biloba be explained by its pharmacology? Med Hypotheses. 2000 Dec;55(6):491-3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11090296 10.1054/mehy.2000.1099
Acute cognitive effects of standardised Ginkgo biloba extract complexed with phosphatidylserine. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2007 Jun;22(4):199-210. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17457961
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 in a sample of cognitively intact older adults: neuropsychological findings. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2002 Aug;17(6):267-77. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12404671
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Modulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, and a ginkgo/ginseng combination to healthy young adults. Physiol Behav, 2002 Apr 15;75(5):739-51. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12020739
Therapeutic potential of natural compounds in inflammation and chronic venous insufficiency. Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Aug 15;176:68-91. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31096120
The effects of antioxidants on ocular blood flow in patients with glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol. 2018 Mar;96(2):e237-e241. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28772005
Differential cognitive effects of Ginkgo biloba after acute and chronic treatment in healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 May;179(2):437-46. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15739076
Effect of a phytopharmaceutical medicine, Ginkgo biloba extract 761, in an animal model of Parkinson's disease: therapeutic perspectives. Nutrition. 2012 Nov-Dec;28(11-12):1081-8.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22817828
Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on cerebral oxygen and glucose metabolism in elderly patients with pre-existing cerebral ischemia. Complement Ther Med. 2015 Apr;23(2):220-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25847559
Ginkgo biloba in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. A randomized, placebo-controlled, trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2015 May;21(2):61-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25925875
Antioxidant compounds EGB-761 and BN-52021 attenuate brain edema formation and hemeoxygenase expression following hyperthermic brain injury in the rat. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2003;86:313-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14753460
Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitors in Rhodiola rosea. Pharmaceutical Biology 42(1):68-72 · October 2008. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13880200490505636
Rhodiola rosea L. as a putative botanical antidepressant. Phytomedicine. 2016 Jun 15;23(7):770-83. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013349
Rhodiola rosea versus sertraline for major depressive disorder: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 2015 Mar 15; 22(3): 394–399. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4385215/
Anti-inflammatory effects of Rhodiola rosea L.: A review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jan;121:109552. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31715370
Rosenroot (Rhodiola): Potential Applications in Aging-related Diseases. Aging Dis. 2019 Feb; 10(1): 134–146. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6345333/
Monoamine oxidase inhibition by Rhodiola rosea L. roots. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Mar 18;122(2):397-401. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19168123
Pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action, and safety of salidroside in the central nervous system. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018; 12: 1479–1489. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5973445/
Oral administration of soybean lecithin transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine improves memory impairment in aged rats. J Nutr. 2001 Nov;131(11):2951-6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11694624
The effects of IQPLUS Focus on cognitive function, mood and endocrine response before and following acute exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011; 8: 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210081/
Phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids may improve memory abilities in non-demented elderly with memory complaints: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2010;29(5):467–474. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20523044
The effect of phosphatidylserine administration on memory and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014 Apr;27 Suppl 2:284-91. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23495677
Soybean-Derived Phosphatidylserine Improves Memory Function of the Elderly Japanese Subjects with Memory Complaints. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010 Nov; 47(3): 246–255. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2966935/
Effects of phosphatidylserine in age-associated memory impairment. Neurology. 1991 May;41(5):644-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2027477
Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD000269. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15106147
Citicoline: A Superior Form of Choline? Nutrients. 2019 Jul 12;11(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31336819
Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid choline levels by nicotinamide involves the enzymatic formation of N1-methylnicotinamide in brain tissue. Life Sci. 1996;58(22):1995-2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8637429
Enhancement of brain choline levels by nicotinamide: mechanism of action. Neurosci Lett. 1998 Jun 19;249(2-3):111-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9682829
Pycnogenol® supplementation in minimal cognitive dysfunction. J Neurosurg Sci. 2018 Jun;62(3):279-284. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29754480
Pycnogenol® improves cognitive function, attention, mental performance and specific professional skills in healthy professionals aged 35-55. J Neurosurg Sci. 2014 Dec;58(4):239-48. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24675223
Phytochemicals for Improving Aspects of Cognitive Function and Psychological State Potentially Relevant to Sports Performance. Sports Med. 2019 Feb;49(Suppl 1):39-58. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30671903
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Dietary niacin and the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and of cognitive decline. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Aug; 75(8): 1093–1099. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1739176/
Niacin in the Central Nervous System: An Update of Biological Aspects and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb; 20(4): 974. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412771/
OVERPOWER
Mental Strategies Predict Performance and Satisfaction with Performance among Soccer Players. J Hum Kinet. 2017 Oct. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5680688/ 10.1515/hukin-2017-0149
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Effects of Adaptogens on the Central Nervous System and the Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Their Stress—Protective Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010 Jan; 3(1). 10.3390/ph3010188 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3991026/
Novel molecular mechanisms for the adaptogenic effects of herbal extracts on isolated brain cells using systems biology. Phytomedicine. 2018 Nov 15;50:257-284 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30466987 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.204
A preliminary review of studies on adaptogens: comparison of their bioactivity in TCM with that of ginseng-like herbs used worldwide. Chin Med. 2018; 13: 57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6240259/ 10.1186/s13020-018-0214-9
Synergy and Antagonism of Active Constituents of ADAPT-232 on Transcriptional Level of Metabolic Regulation of Isolated Neuroglial Cells. Front Neurosci. 2013; 7: 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576868/ 10.3389/fnins.2013.00016
Evidence-based efficacy of adaptogens in fatigue, and molecular mechanisms related to their stress-protective activity. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Sep;4(3):198-219. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19500070 10.2174/157488409789375311
New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation. Br J Pharmacol. 2018 Aug; 175(16): 3190–3199 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6057895/ 10.1111/bph.14116
Physiological effects of melatonin: Role of melatonin receptors and signal transduction pathways. Progress in Neurobiology, Volume 85, Issue 3, July 2008. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18571301
Adaptogens stimulate neuropeptide Y and Hsp72 expression and release in neuroglia cells. Front. Neurosci., 01 February 2012. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22347152
Neuropeptide Y facilitates activity-based-anorexia. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007 Jun;32(5):493-502. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17467917
Neuropeptide Y is a mediator of chronic vascular and metabolic maladaptations to stress and hypernutrition. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 235, 1179–1184. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20881322
Acute Rhodiola rosea intake can improve endurance exercise performance. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2004 Jun;14(3):298-307. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256690 10.1123/ijsnem.14.3.298
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study of single dose effects of ADAPT-232 on cognitive functions. Phytomedicine. 2010 Jun;17(7):494-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20374974 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.02.005
Evaluation of the effect of a single dose of phytoadaptogen on human's working ability during long-term isolation. Aerospace and environmental medicine 31(4):51-4 February 1997. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9424198
AMPK: regulating energy balance at the cellular and whole body levels. Physiology (Bethesda). 2014 Mar;29(2):99-107. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24583766/
AMPK-dependent hormonal regulation of whole-body energy metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2009 May;196(1):115-27. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19245657
Exercise, heat shock proteins and insulin resistance. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2018 Jan 19; 373(1738): 20160529. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5717529/
Chaperone regulation of the heat shock protein response. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2007;594:89-99. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17205678
Stimulating effect of adaptogens: an overview with particular reference to their efficacy following single dose administration. Phytother Res. 2005 Oct;19(10):819-38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16261511 10.1002/ptr.1751
Job strain and resting heart rate: a cross-sectional study in a Swedish random working sample. BMC Public Health. 2016; 16: 228. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4779265/
Resting heart rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality - A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Jun;27(6):504-517. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28552551
Resting heart rate and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population: a meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2016 Feb 16; 188(3): E53–E63. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4754196/
Effect of Lactate Accumulation during Exercise-induced Muscle Fatigue on the Sensorimotor Cortex. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013 Dec;25(12):1637-42. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24409038
Studies on the Antifatigue Activities of Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body Extract in Mouse Model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015; 2015: 174616. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4553310/
Protein constituent contributes to the hypotensive and vasorelaxant activities of Cordyceps sinensis. Life Sci. 2000 Feb 25;66(14):1369-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10755473
Antifatigue and antistress effect of the hot-water fraction from mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. Biol Pharm Bull. 26(5):691-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12736514
Improving Training Condition Assessment in Endurance Cyclists: Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Ophiocordyceps sinensis Dietary Supplementation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014; 2014:979613. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24799948
Cordyceps militaris Improves Tolerance to High-Intensity Exercise After Acute and Chronic Supplementation. J Diet Suppl. 2016 Jul 13:1-13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27408987
In vivo and in vitro stimulatory effects of Cordyceps sinensis on testosterone production in mouse Leydig cells. Life Sci. 2003 Sep 5;73(16):2127-36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12899935
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A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose evaluation of the acute behavioural effects of guaraná in humans. J Psychopharmacol. 2007 Jan;21(1):65-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16533867
Guarana (Paullinia cupana) improves fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy. J Altern Complement Med. 2011 Jun;17(6):505-12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21612429
Improved cognitive performance in human volunteers following administration of guarana (Paullinia cupana) extract: Comparison and interaction with Panax ginseng. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8145922_Improved_cognitive_performance_in_human_volunteers_following_administration_of_guarana_Paullinia_cupana_extract_Comparison_and_interaction_with_Panax_ginseng
Dissolution and absorption of caffeine from guarana. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1992 Sep;44(9):769-71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1360532
Dose and Time Effects of Caffeine Intake on Human Platelet Adenosine A2A Receptors. http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/102/3/285
Randomised controlled trial of the effects of L-ornithine on stress markers and sleep quality in healthy workers. Nutr J. 2014 Jun 3;13:53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24889392
The Combined Effect of Caffeine and Ornithine on the Mood of Healthy Office Workers. Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2014 Dec; 19(4): 367–372. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4287333/
GOHONEY
Honey and Health: A Review of Recent Clinical Research. Pharmacognosy Res. 2017;9(2):121–127. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28539734
Honey as a Potential Natural Antioxidant Medicine: An Insight into Its Molecular Mechanisms of Action. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018;2018:8367846. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424551/
Honey: nutritional and medicinal value. Int J Clin Pract. 2007 Oct;61(10):1705-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17877657
Honey extracts inhibit PTP1B, upregulate insulin receptor expression, and enhance glucose uptake in human HepG2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 May;113:108752. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30927676
Honey Supplementation and Exercise: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2019 Jul 12;11(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31336992
Phenolic Compounds in Honey and Their Associated Health Benefits: A Review. Molecules. 2018 Sep 11;23(9). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30208664
Effects of Post-Exercise Honey Drink Ingestion on Blood Glucose and Subsequent Running Performance in the Heat. Asian J Sports Med. 2015 Sep;6(3):e24044. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26448850
Antioxidants of honey in perspective of blood glycaemic control. J Pak Med Assoc. 2019 Feb;69(2):153-154. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30804575
The effects of an acute dose of Rhodiola rosea on endurance exercise performance. J strength Cond Res. 27:839–47. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23443221
Effects of chronic Rhodiola Rosea supplementation on sport performance and antioxidant capacity in trained male: preliminary results. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 50:57–63 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20308973
Acute Rhodiola rosea intake can improve endurance exercise performance. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 14:298–307. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256690
Rhodiola rosea exerts antiviral activity in athletes following a competitive Marathon race. Front Nutr. 2:24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26284250
The effect of eight weeks of supplementation with Eleutherococcus senticosus on endurance capacity and metabolism in human. Chin J Physiol. 2010 Apr 30;53(2):105-11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793317 10.4077/cjp.2010.amk018
Eleutheroside E, An Active Component of Eleutherococcus senticosus, Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013: 934183. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3638629/
Anti-fatigue activity of extracts of stem bark from Acanthopanax senticosus. Molecules. 2010 Dec 24;16(1):28-37 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21187815 10.3390/molecules16010028
Effects of Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus maxim.) on elderly quality of life: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr Suppl. 2004;(9):69-73. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15207399 10.1016/j.archger.2004.04.012
The effects of A. senticosus supplementation on serum lipid profiles, biomarkers of oxidative stress, and lymphocyte DNA damage in postmenopausal women. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Oct 10;375(1):44-8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18671947 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.07.097
Effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus Cortex on Recovery from the Forced Swimming Test and Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in the Liver and Skeletal Muscle of mice. Nat Prod J. 2016 Mar; 6(1): 49–55. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5427804/ 10.2174/2210315506999151207145020
IMMUNE SUPPORT BUNDLE
Nutritional Modulation of Immune Function: Analysis of Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Relevance. Front. Immunol., 15 January 2019. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.03160/full
Antiviral effect of flavonoids on human viruses. J Med Virol. 1985 Jan;15(1):71-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2981979
Antiviral Mechanism of Action of Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and Its Fatty Acid Esters. Molecules. 2018 Oct; 23(10): 2475. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6222519/
Evaluation of green tea extract as a safe personal hygiene against viral infections. J Biol Eng. 2018; 12: 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5759362/
Antiviral effect of catechins in green tea on influenza virus. Antiviral Res. 2005 Nov;68(2):66-74. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23835657
Anti-influenza Virus Effects of Catechins: A Molecular and Clinical Review. Curr Med Chem. 2016;23(42):4773-4783. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27881069
Amelioration of influenza virus-induced reactive oxygen species formation by epigallocatechin gallate derived from green tea. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2012 Dec;33(12):1533-41. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27881069
Effect of Broccoli Sprouts and Live Attenuated Influenza Virus on Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cells: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study. PLoS One. 2016; 11(1): e0147742. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770193/
Effect of Broccoli Sprouts on Nasal Response to Live Attenuated Influenza Virus in Smokers: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study. PLoS One. 2014; 9(6): e98671. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24910991
Sulforaphane: Its “Coming of Age” as a Clinically Relevant Nutraceutical in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019; 2019: 2716870. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815645/
Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity. Nutrients. 2016 Mar 15;8(3):167. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26999194
Quercetin as an Antiviral Agent Inhibits Influenza A Virus (IAV) Entry. Viruses. 2015 Dec 25;8(1). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26712783
Impact of Supplementary Amino Acids, Micronutrients, and Overall Diet on Glutathione Homeostasis. Nutrients. 2019 May; 11(5): 1056. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566166/
A Review of Dietary (Phyto)Nutrients for Glutathione Support. Nutrients. 2019 Sep; 11(9): 2073. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770193/
Glutathione peroxidase-1 reduces influenza A virus-induced lung inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013 Jan;48(1):17-26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23002098
Glutathione Fine-Tunes the Innate Immune Response toward Antiviral Pathways in a Macrophage Cell Line Independently of Its Antioxidant Properties. Front. Immunol., 29 September 2017. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01239/full
Inhibition of influenza infection by glutathione. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Apr 1;34(7):928-36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12654482
Selenium, Selenoproteins and Viral Infection. Nutrients. 2019 Sep 4;11(9). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31487871
PERFORMANCE BIOMARKERS
The Effects of Acute Exercise and Exercise Training on Plasma Homocysteine: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 17;11(3) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26986570
The Impact of Sleep Duration on Performance Among Competitive Athletes: A Systematic Literature Review. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Jun 14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29944513
Effects of Sleep Duration on Reaction Time: A Mini-Review. COJ Technical and Scientific Research, July 16th, 2018. https://crimsonpublishers.com/cojts/pdf/COJTS.000503.pdf
Relationships Between Training Load, Sleep Duration, and Daily Well-Being and Recovery Measures in Youth Athletes. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2018 Aug 1;30(3):345-352. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29478381
The effects of sleep extension on the athletic performance of collegiate basketball players. Sleep 2011;34(7):943-950. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21731144
The Impact of Sleep and Circadian Disturbance on Hormones and Metabolism. Int J Endocrinol. 2015; 2015: 591729. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2015/591729/
Cross-sectional analysis of sleep hours and quality with sex hormones in men. Endocrine Connections Feb. 19th, 2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30668526
The significance of sleep onset and slow wave sleep for nocturnal release of growth hormone (GH) and cortisol. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1988;13(3):233-43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3406323
Sleep-disordered breathing and hormones. European Respiratory Journal 2003 22: 161-172. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12882467
REM Sleep in Humans Begins during Decreased Secretory Activity of the Anterior Pituitary. Sleep 11(6):546--555. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2853440
Relationship between rapid eye movement sleep and testosterone secretion in normal men. J Androl. 1999 Nov-Dec;20(6):731-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10591612
Restoration of thermoregulation after exercise. J Appl Physiol 122: 933–944, 2017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27881668
Thyroid hormone control of thermogenesis and energy balance. Thyroid. 1995 Dec;5(6):481-92. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8808101
Elevations in core and muscle temperature impairs repeated sprint performance. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, Feb. 2005 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15676059
Thermogenic mechanisms and their hormonal regulation. Physiol Rev. 2006 Apr;86(2):435-64. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16601266
Concomitant interindividual variation in body temperature and metabolic rate. Am J Physiol. 1992 Oct;263(4 Pt 1):E730-4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1415692
Testosterone and sport: Current Perspectives. Horm Behav. 2012 Jan; 61(1): 147–155. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21983229
Elevated hair cortisol concentrations in endurance athletes. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012 May;37(5):611-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21944954
Social regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. The Journal of Experimental Biology 205, 2567–2581 (2002). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12151363
Systematic review: the effects of growth hormone on athletic performance. Ann Intern Med. 2008 May 20;148(10):747-58. Epub 2008 Mar 17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347346
Creatine kinase monitoring in sport medicine. Br Med Bull. 2007;81-82:209-30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17569697
Creatine kinase, neuromuscular fatigue, and the contact codes of football: A systematic review and meta-analysis of pre- and post-match differences. Eur J Sport Sci. 2018 Oct;18(9):1234-1244. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29870313
Markers for Routine Assessment of Fatigue and Recovery in Male and Female Team Sport Athletes during High-Intensity Interval Training. PLoS One. 2015 Oct 7;10(10):e0139801. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26444557
Acute and Residual Soccer Match-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2018 Mar;48(3):539-583. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29098658
Quantification of Training and Competition Loads in Endurance Sports: Methods and Applications. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Apr;12(Suppl 2):S29-S217. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27918666
Lactate: Friend or Foe. PM R. 2016 Mar;8(3 Suppl):S8-S15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26972271
Stress and recovery in sports: Effects on heart rate variability, cortisol, and subjective experience.Int J Psychophysiol. 2019 Sep;143:25-35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31255740
Association between C-reactive protein and physical performance in older populations: results from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS). Age Ageing. 2016 Mar;45(2):274-80. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26822196
Serum androgen levels and their relation to performance in track and field: mass spectrometry results from 2127 observations in male and female elite athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Sep;51(17):1309-1314. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31403576
Biomarker Response to a Competitive Season in Division I Female Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Oct;33(10):2622-2628. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31403576
Monitoring Blood Biomarkers and Training Load Throughout a Collegiate Soccer Season. J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Nov;33(11):3065-3077. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30074968
Monitoring training load and fatigue in soccer players with physiological markers. Physiol Behav. 2017 Nov 1;181:86-94. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28886966
Prevalence of undiagnosed testosterone deficiency in aging athletes: does exercise training influence the symptoms of male hypogonadism? J Sex Med. 2010 Jul;7(7):2591-601. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20141589
Effects of a Futsal Game on Metabolic, Hormonal, and Muscle Damage Indicators of Male Futsal Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Feb 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32032230
Inflammatory response and neutrophil functions in players after a futsal match. J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Sep;26(9):2507-14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22067240